B1682 PATS Is Disabled (Check Link between PATS and Transponder)

Introduction:

The Ford Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) is a crucial security feature designed to prevent vehicle theft. A common diagnostic trouble code (DTC) associated with PATS malfunctions is B1682, indicating a problem with the communication link between the PATS module and the transponder chip embedded in the ignition key. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and troubleshooting steps for B1682 is essential for diagnosing and resolving PATS-related issues, ensuring your vehicle's security system functions correctly.

Comprehensive Information Table

Detailed Explanations

DTC Definition:

The B1682 DTC specifically indicates that the PATS module is unable to establish or maintain a reliable communication link with the transponder chip embedded within the vehicle's ignition key. This interruption prevents the system from verifying the key's authenticity, thereby disabling the starting sequence.

Common Symptoms:

The most obvious symptom is the vehicle's inability to start. You may also observe the security light on the dashboard flashing rapidly or staying illuminated. Some vehicles might display a "PATS System Disabled" or similar message on the instrument cluster. Intermittent starting issues, where the vehicle sometimes starts and sometimes doesn't, can also be indicative of a B1682 code.

Possible Causes (Key Related):

The key itself is a common culprit. The transponder chip inside the key can be damaged due to drops, exposure to extreme temperatures, or other physical trauma. If the key is not the correct key programmed to the vehicle's PATS system, it will not be recognized. Ensure the key is fully inserted into the ignition cylinder. Some keys have batteries; check and replace if needed.

Possible Causes (Transceiver/Module Related):

The PATS transceiver module, usually located around the ignition cylinder, is responsible for reading the signal from the key's transponder. If this module is faulty, it cannot properly communicate. Wiring issues, such as damaged wires, short circuits, or open circuits in the wiring harness connecting the transceiver module, can disrupt the signal. Corrosion or loose connections at the module's connector can also cause problems. A damaged ignition cylinder or an improperly installed aftermarket remote start system can also interfere with the PATS system.

Possible Causes (PCM Related):

While less common, a malfunction within the PCM or issues with its programming can lead to a B1682 code. The PCM is responsible for verifying the data received from the PATS module and authorizing the engine to start. If the PCM's software is corrupted or not properly programmed to the PATS system, it can prevent the vehicle from starting.

Diagnostic Tools:

An OBD-II scanner with PATS diagnostic capabilities is essential for reading the B1682 code and accessing PATS-specific data. A multimeter is useful for testing wiring continuity and voltage. Wiring diagrams for your specific vehicle model are crucial for tracing wires and identifying potential short circuits or open circuits.

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Verify the Key: Ensure you are using the correct key for the vehicle.
2. Inspect the Key: Visually inspect the key for any signs of damage.
3. Test the Key Signal: If available, use a transponder tester to verify the key is emitting a signal.
4. Inspect Wiring: Carefully inspect the wiring harnesses and connectors associated with the PATS transceiver module for damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
5. Check the Transceiver Module: Test the transceiver module for proper operation using a multimeter and wiring diagrams.
6. Scan Tool Diagnostics: Use a scan tool to read PATS data, perform diagnostic tests, and check for any other related DTCs.
7. Reprogramming: If necessary, attempt to reprogram the keys or the PATS module using a scan tool with reprogramming capabilities. This often requires specific security access codes.

Repair Options:

The repair options depend on the identified cause. Replacing a damaged key is a relatively simple and inexpensive solution. Replacing the PATS transceiver module is more involved and requires proper installation and programming. Repairing or replacing damaged wiring can be time-consuming and requires careful attention to detail. Reprogramming the PCM is a complex procedure that should be performed by a qualified technician. Disabling or removing a problematic aftermarket remote start system may resolve the issue.

Severity:

The severity of a B1682 code is high because it prevents the vehicle from starting, essentially immobilizing it. This also presents a security risk, as the vehicle's anti-theft system is compromised.

Cost to Repair:

The cost to repair a B1682 code can vary significantly depending on the cause. A simple key replacement might cost around $50-$200, while replacing the PATS transceiver module could range from $200 to $500 or more, including labor. PCM reprogramming can be even more expensive, potentially costing several hundred dollars. A thorough diagnosis is crucial to accurately estimate the repair cost.

Related DTCs:

Other DTCs that may be associated with PATS issues include:

• B1600 (PATS Ignition Key Transponder Signal is Not Received)
• B1601 (PATS Key Code Not Programmed)
• B2139 (PCM ID does not match between PCM and PATS)
• U0100 (Lost Communication with ECM/PCM)

Applicable Vehicles:

The B1682 code is applicable to a wide range of Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles equipped with PATS. The specific models and years affected may vary.

Transponder Types:

PATS utilizes different types of transponders, including:

• Fixed Code Transponders: These transponders contain a static, pre-programmed code that is transmitted to the PATS module.
• Rolling Code Transponders: These transponders use a more sophisticated algorithm to generate a unique code each time the key is used, enhancing security.

PATS Generations:

Ford has implemented several generations of PATS, each with different security protocols and diagnostic procedures:

• PATS I
• PATS II
• PATS 2.5
• PATS 3

Common Mistakes:

A common mistake is assuming the key is the problem without proper diagnosis. Another mistake is replacing parts without verifying the root cause. Attempting to reprogram the PCM without proper equipment or knowledge can also lead to further problems.

Preventative Measures:

To prevent PATS-related issues, protect your keys from damage, avoid using aftermarket remote start systems that are not properly installed, have spare keys made and programmed, and regularly inspect wiring harnesses for damage.

Impact of Non-Repair:

If a B1682 code is not addressed, the vehicle will remain immobilized, increasing the risk of theft and potentially causing further damage to the PATS system.

Aftermarket Solutions:

Aftermarket solutions include key cloning services, PATS bypass modules (use with caution and only for specific applications), and professional locksmith services.

Frequently Asked Questions:

• What does the B1682 code mean? It means there's a communication problem between the PATS module and the key's transponder, preventing the vehicle from starting.
• Can I fix the B1682 code myself? Simple issues like a damaged key might be fixable, but complex problems require specialized tools and knowledge. Professional diagnosis is recommended.
• How much does it cost to fix a B1682 code? The cost varies depending on the cause, ranging from a few dollars for a key battery to hundreds for module replacement or PCM reprogramming.
• Can I bypass the PATS system? PATS bypass modules exist, but their use should be carefully considered as they compromise vehicle security. They are generally only recommended for specific applications.
• Is it safe to drive with a flashing security light? If the vehicle starts, it might be safe to drive, but the underlying issue should be addressed promptly to avoid being stranded. The flashing light indicates a PATS problem that could worsen.

Conclusion:

The B1682 DTC indicates a critical communication failure within the PATS system, preventing the vehicle from starting. A thorough diagnosis is essential to identify the root cause, and appropriate repairs should be performed by a qualified technician to ensure the vehicle's security system functions correctly.